IoT Prison Break Monitoring & Alerting System

This guide will help you create an IoT-based prison break monitoring and alerting system using Raspberry Pi. The system will monitor areas for unauthorized movement and send real-time alerts to help prevent escapes and ensure security.

Components Required

• Raspberry Pi (Model 3 or later)
• Motion sensors (e.g., PIR sensors)
• Door or window contact sensors
• Buzzer or alarm (for local alerts)
• Relay module (optional, for controlling external devices)
• Connecting wires and breadboard
• Power supply (for Raspberry Pi)
• Cloud service account (e.g., ThingSpeak, Blynk, or AWS IoT)
• Optional: Camera module (for visual confirmation)

Setting Up the Hardware

Follow these steps to set up the hardware:

1. Install Motion Sensors

   Place the motion sensors in strategic locations to detect unauthorized movement. Connect these sensors to the Raspberry Pi using the GPIO pins.

2. Install Door/Window Contact Sensors

   Attach contact sensors to doors and windows to detect if they are opened. Connect these sensors to the Raspberry Pi for monitoring.

3. Connect the Buzzer or Alarm

   Connect the buzzer or alarm to the Raspberry Pi through a relay module if necessary. This component will be used to generate a local alert if a potential prison break is detected.

4. Power the System

   Ensure the Raspberry Pi and other components are properly powered using the appropriate power supplies.

Programming the Raspberry Pi

Write the code to read data from the motion sensors and contact sensors, and send alerts to the cloud. Below is a basic outline of the code using Python:

                import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
                import time
                import requests

                # Configuration
                MOTION_SENSOR_PIN = 18
                CONTACT_SENSOR_PIN = 23
                BUZZER_PIN = 24
                CLOUD_URL = "https://api.thingspeak.com/update?api_key=YOUR_API_KEY"

                # Setup
                GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)
                GPIO.setup(MOTION_SENSOR_PIN, GPIO.IN)
                GPIO.setup(CONTACT_SENSOR_PIN, GPIO.IN)
                GPIO.setup(BUZZER_PIN, GPIO.OUT)

                def send_alert(sensor_type):
                    response = requests.get(CLOUD_URL + "&field1=1&field2=" + sensor_type)
                    print(f"Alert sent to cloud: {response.status_code}")

                try:
                    while True:
                        if GPIO.input(MOTION_SENSOR_PIN):
                            print("Motion detected!")
                            GPIO.output(BUZZER_PIN, GPIO.HIGH)
                            send_alert("Motion")
                            time.sleep(10)  # Wait before next check
                        elif GPIO.input(CONTACT_SENSOR_PIN):
                            print("Contact sensor triggered!")
                            GPIO.output(BUZZER_PIN, GPIO.HIGH)
                            send_alert("Contact")
                            time.sleep(10)  # Wait before next check
                        else:
                            GPIO.output(BUZZER_PIN, GPIO.LOW)
                        time.sleep(1)  # Check every second

                except KeyboardInterrupt:
                    GPIO.cleanup()
            

This code monitors the motion and contact sensors. If unauthorized movement or door/window tampering is detected, it triggers the buzzer and sends an alert to the cloud service.

Setting Up Cloud Integration

To monitor and analyze security data, integrate the system with a cloud service. Configure the cloud service to receive data from the Raspberry Pi and set up dashboards or alerts based on the data received from the monitoring system.

Testing and Calibration

Test the system by simulating movement and door/window tampering. Verify that the alerts are correctly triggered and sent to the cloud. Adjust sensor calibration and code parameters as needed for accurate detection.